Objective:

To explore the potential of trained medical detection dogs in supporting early cancer detection through olfactory identification of volatile organic compounds in human biological samples, highlighting the significance of early detection.

Key Findings:

• Trained dogs can identify volatile organic compounds associated with certain cancers.
• Existing cancer screening in Hong Kong is limited, with a significant burden of late-stage diagnoses, emphasizing the need for improved early detection.
• Canine detection methods show promise but require careful consideration of environmental factors, training standardization, and variability in training outcomes.

Interpretation:

The use of trained detection dogs could enhance early cancer detection efforts in Hong Kong, addressing gaps in current screening practices, pending further evaluation and standardization.

Limitations:

• Variability in disease-related volatile organic compounds may affect detection accuracy.
• Environmental factors like air pollution could influence performance.
• Operational costs and animal welfare considerations must be addressed, along with variability in training outcomes.

Conclusion:

Incorporating trained detection dogs into cancer screening protocols could provide a valuable tool for early diagnosis, pending further evaluation and standardization.