Clinical Report: Blood Biomarker May Help Women Avoid Chemotherapy

Overview

A blood test measuring anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) may identify premenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer who are unlikely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Background

Identifying which premenopausal women with breast cancer can safely forgo chemotherapy is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies. Current guidelines indicate that not all younger patients benefit from chemotherapy, leading to uncertainty in treatment decisions. The study investigated the potential use of AMH as a biomarker to refine patient selection for chemotherapy.

Data Highlights

Key Findings

• AMH is the strongest predictor of chemotherapy benefit in premenopausal women with breast cancer.
• Women with AMH below 10 pg/mL did not gain measurable benefit from chemotherapy.
• Approximately 21% of premenopausal participants had AMH below the 10 pg/mL threshold.
• Inhibin B showed a similar predictive pattern for chemotherapy benefit.
• Low AMH was more informative than age or reported menopausal status in predicting chemotherapy benefit.

Clinical Implications

The implementation of AMH testing requires sensitive laboratory methods to ensure accurate results.

Conclusion

Further validation in clinical trials is warranted to assess the role of AMH as a biomarker for predicting chemotherapy benefit.

Related Resources & Content

1. ASCO Post, 2026 -- AMH Levels May Predict Adjuvant Chemotherapy Benefit in Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer
2. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2022 -- Biomarkers for Adjuvant Endocrine and Chemotherapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update
3. The ASCO Post — New Biomarker May Predict Chemotherapy Response in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
4. The ASCO Post — New Biomarker May Predict Chemotherapy Response in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
5. the asco post — New Biomarker May Predict Chemotherapy Response in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
6. the asco post — Composite Biomarker Needed to Predict Benefit of Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
7. ASCO Guideline Update on Biomarkers
8. AMH Levels May Predict Adjuvant Chemotherapy Benefit in Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer - The ASCO Post