The Royal College of Pathologists’ first 2025 Workforce Census Spotlight highlights a profession at a pivotal moment. Drawing on responses from nearly 3,000 members, the report offers a candid assessment of the challenges facing the UK pathology workforce.
Nearly half (47%) of UK pathologists are now aged 50 or over, pointing to a potential wave of retirements in the coming decade. While the average intended retirement age is 63, age 60 was the most selected option in the survey. In Wales, 43% of respondents expect to retire by or before 60.
Notably, almost a quarter (23%) of respondents have brought forward their retirement plans – most often citing work–life balance (31%) and burnout (29%) as key reasons. Inflexible working arrangements and changes to pension policies also contribute.
Workload remains a central concern. Sixty percent of consultants across the UK report working beyond their contracted hours, with this figure rising to 77% in Northern Ireland. Much of this additional work is driven by clinical and administrative duties, limited secretarial support, and the need to cover staff vacancies.
Goodwill – unpaid overtime – remains the most common way to manage excess clinical demand, alongside outsourcing, locum cover, and waiting list initiatives. Only 5% of respondents said all clinical demand is currently met within contracted hours.
Looking ahead, 40% of pathologists plan to reduce their working hours over the next five years, compounding the impact of anticipated retirements. The report makes clear that flexible working, improved retention, and strategic recruitment are essential to safeguarding future services.
Peter Johnston, Vice President of Workforce at the Royal College of Pathologists, commented: “Our first census spotlight raises critical questions about the sustainability of pathology services for patients. A major pressure point is the number of pathologists set to retire. Pathologists also tell us they routinely work beyond their contracted hours, and the looming retirements will only compound the pressure on remaining laboratory professionals.
“Our staffing crisis is costly for patients, with worrying delays to diagnosis and treatment. Investment in pathology is vital to meet growing clinical demand and ensure staffing levels meet the needs of future services to patients.”
As clinical demand continues to rise and workforce shortages persist, the census data provide a clear signal: without meaningful intervention, the pressures facing the pathology workforce are set to intensify.
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